Pafnuty lvovich chebyshev biography books
Chebyshev, Pafnutii Lvovich
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Pafnutii Lvovich CHEBYSHEV (or TCHÉBICHEF)
b. 16 May (o.s.) - d. 26 November (o.s.)
Summary Chebyshev is regarded as the founder of the St. Petersburg School of mathematics, which encompassed path-breaking work in probability theory. The Chebyshev Inequality carries his name; he initiated rigorous work on a general version of the Central Limit Theorem.
Chebyshev was born in the village of Okatovo, Borovskii uezd (district of the town of Borovsk), Kaluga \.{g}ubernia. His education prior to the move of the family to Moscow in was at the home of his parents in Okatovo. His mother taught him reading and writing amongst other things; but arithmetic and the French language were taught to him by a female cousin, Avdotiia Kvintillianovna Sukhareva described (Prudnikov, , pp. 18 and 30) as an educated girl and a governess to the Chebyshev children. It is instructive to note now when women's roles are more clearly appreciated, that the history of mathematics may owe much to this woman; Chebyshev kept a picture of her all his life. Nikoforovsky (, p. ) notes that, indeed, Chebyshev completely mastered French, and said that he thought out his works in French, and only then composed them in Russian. In considering scientific problems, he had the habit of lapsing into French. This explains much of his subsequent francophilia.
After enrolling at Moscow University in , Chebyshev came under the mathematical influence of Nikolai One of nine children, Pafnuty was born in Okatovo, a small town in western Russia, south-west of Moscow, in the small family estate of an upper-class family with an impressive history. His family traced its roots back to a 17th-century Tatar military leader named Khan Chabysh. Unfortunately, because of Trendelenburg&#;s gait Chebyshev limped and so he could not continue the family tradition and become an officer. His disability prevented him from taking part in many children&#;s games and he devoted himself instead to mathematics. Chebyshev would greatly benefit from his fluency in French later in his life because it would make France a natural place to visit and provide a link with the leading European mathematicians, he would use French to communicate mathematics on an international stage. In , when Chebyshev was eleven years old, the family moved to Moscow, mainly to attend to the education of their eldest sons. Being well prepared for his study of the mathematical sciences Chebyshev began his mathematical studies in the second philosophical department of Moscow University. During this period the person who influenced Chebyshev most was Nikolai Dmetrievich Brashman, the professor of applied mathematics at the university since Being particularly interested in mechanics Brashman however, had wide interests. In addition to courses in mechanical engineering and hydraulics, he taught his students the theory of integration of algebraic functions and the calculus of probability. Chebyshev always acknowledged the great influence Brashman had on him during his university studies. Chebyshev&#;s very first paper was written in French and was devoted to multiple integrals. His second paper, written again in French, was published in by Crelle in his journal. This paper was devoted to the convergenc Pafnuty Lvovich Chebyshev () was a Russian mathematician noted for his work in probability, statistics, and number theory. He was so mathematically influential in his time that he has been called “The Father of Russian Mathematics.” His collected works, Oeuvres de P. L. Tchebychef, were published by the Russian Academy of Sciences in One of the co-editors of this book was Andre Markov (), a student of Chebyshev who would go on to become a mathematician of note in his own right. A portrait of Chebyshev serves as the frontispiece for the collection. The “Table of Contents” for this volume attests to the broad scope of Chebyshev’s interests. The first paper in the collection is “A Note on a Class of Definite Multiple Integrals.” The images above were obtained through the courtesy of the University of California Libraries. A complete digital copy of this item can be viewed on the Libraries’ Internet Archive. Index to Mathematical TreasuresWe continue our topic about great Petersburgers that we started last year by the posts about Olga Ladyzhenskayaand Leonhard Euler. The new article is about Pafnuty Chebyshev.
Mathematical Treasure: Collected Works of Chebyshev
Pafnuty Lvovich Chebyshev
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Okatovo, Kaluga Region, Russia
St Petersburg, Russia Biography
Pafnuty Chebyshev's parents were Agrafena Ivanova Pozniakova and Lev Pavlovich Chebyshev. Pafnuty was born in Okatovo, a small town in western Russia, south-west of Moscow. At the time of his birth his father had retired from the army, but earlier in his military career Lev Pavlovich had fought as an officer against Napoleon's invading armies. Pafnuty Lvovich was born on the small family estate into a upper class family with an impressive history. Lev Pavlovich and Agrafena Ivanova had nine children some of whom followed in their father's military tradition.
Let us say a little about life in Russia at the time Pafnuty Lvovich was growing up. There was a great deal of national pride in the country following the Russian defeat of Napoleon, and their victory led to Russia being viewed by other European countries with a mixture of fear and respect. On the one hand there was those in the country who viewed Russia as superior to other countries and argued that it should isolate itself from them. On the other hand, educated young Russians who had served in the army had seen Europe, learned to read and speak French and German, knew something of European culture, literature, and science, and they argued for a westernisation of the country.
Pafnuty Lvovich's early education was at home where both his mother and his cousin Avdotia Kvintillianova Soukhareva were his teachers. From his mother he learnt the basic skills of reading and writing, while his cousin acted as a governess to the young boy and taught him French and arithmetic. Later in life Pafnuty Lvovich would greatly benefit from his fluency in French, for it would m