Quaid e azam biography in urdu pdf

Founder and 1st Governor-General of Pakistan (1876–1948)

"Jinnah" redirects here. For other uses, see Jinnah (disambiguation).

Muhammad Ali Jinnah (born Mahomedali Jinnahbhai; 25 December 1876 – 11 September 1948) was a barrister, politician, and the founder of Pakistan. Jinnah served as the leader of the All-India Muslim League from 1913 until the inception of Pakistan on 14 August 1947 and then as Pakistan's first governor-general until his death.

Born at Wazir Mansion in Karachi, Jinnah was trained as a barrister at Lincoln's Inn in London, England. Upon his return to India, he enrolled at the Bombay High Court, and took an interest in national politics, which eventually replaced his legal practice. Jinnah rose to prominence in the Indian National Congress in the first two decades of the 20th century. In these early years of his political career, Jinnah advocated Hindu–Muslim unity, helping to shape the 1916 Lucknow Pact between the Congress and the All-India Muslim League, in which Jinnah had also become prominent. Jinnah became a key leader in the All-India Home Rule League, and proposed a fourteen-point constitutional reform plan to safeguard the political rights of Muslims in the Indian subcontinent. In 1920, however, Jinnah resigned from the Congress when it agreed to follow a campaign of satyagraha, which he regarded as political anarchy.

By 1940, Jinnah had come to believe that the Muslims of the subcontinent should have their own state to avoid the possible marginalised status they might be reduced to in an independent Hindu–Muslim state. In that year, the Muslim League, led by Jinnah, passed the Lahore Resolution, demanding a separate nation for Indian Muslims. During the Second World War, the League gained strength while leaders of the Congress were imprisoned, and in the provincial elections held shortly after the war, it won most of the seats reserved for Muslims. Ultimatel

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About the Author

Henry Hector Bolitho was born in 1897, in Auckland, New Zealand. From 1915 he worked as a reporter for a New Zealand newspaper for seven years before leaving for England where he published his first novel. Before the Second World War he traveled throughout Europe, Africa, North America and Australia. During the war, from 1939-1945, he served as a squadron leader with the RAF and was the editor of the RAF journal. After the war, from 1947-49, Bolitho conducted lecture tours in the United States of America. In 1942 he was appointed editor of the Coastal Command Intelligence Review. After the war he became again author, novelist and biographer. In total, he had 59 books published. Bolitho wrote widely on historical subjects, most notably on the royal family, in Albert the Good and the Victorian Reign (1932), The Reign of Queen Victoria (1948), and Albert, Prince Consort (1964). One of his early novels, Judith Silver, won critical acclaim in 1929. Henry Bolitho died in England on 12 September 1974.